Apollo 11 – Jupiter Broadcasting https://www.jupiterbroadcasting.com Open Source Entertainment, on Demand. Sun, 10 Jul 2022 17:41:53 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=5.5.3 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/cropped-favicon-32x32.png Apollo 11 – Jupiter Broadcasting https://www.jupiterbroadcasting.com 32 32 Brunch With Brent: Tim Canham | Jupiter Extras 87 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/149177/brunch-with-brent-tim-canham-jupiter-extras-87/ Sun, 10 Jul 2022 10:00:00 +0000 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/?p=149177 Show Notes: extras.show/87

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Show Notes: extras.show/87

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]]> Hibernation & Updates | SciByte 101 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/42922/hibernation-updates-scibyte-101/ Tue, 10 Sep 2013 20:23:50 +0000 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/?p=42922 We take a look at hibernation, suspended-animation, Apollo 11 Engines, Earth in pixels, updates, Curiosity news, and more.

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We take a look at hibernation, suspended-animation, Apollo 11 Engines, Earth in pixels, updates, Curiosity news, and as always take a peek back into history and up in the sky this week.

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— Show Notes: —

2013 Summer SciByte

Hibernation

  • Lemur Hibernation
  • Fat-tailed dwarf lemurs are the only primates that can hibernate
  • Lemurs are unique in that they can go the entire hibernation period-up to eight months-without fully sleeping
  • During hibernation, a lemur’s breathing can slow to one inhalation every 20 minutes, and its heart rate drops from a normal 200 beats per minute to just 4 beats per minute
  • Lemurs can hibernate, surviving three-quarters of a year without deep sleep,
  • When lemurs hibernate, scientists speculate that they experience only REM sleep. Though no one can prove whether lemurs actually dream
  • Lemurs in captivity often don’t hibernate
  • In the wild some of [the lemurs hibernated] 40 feet off the ground in the middle of the forest in coastal Madagascar
  • So the team that visited the primates in their natural habitat-Madagascar had a hard time getting data
  • By placing the lemurs in special nesting boxes and attaching EEGs to their tiny foreheads while they hibernated, they were able to record their vital signs
  • Researchers found that when it was warm outside, close to 72 degrees Fahrenheit (22 degrees Celsius), the primates would only hibernate in REM sleep.
  • Sleep Deprivation Study
  • A 1989 study by sleep scientist demonstrated the lethal consequences of sleep deprivation
  • When the researcher kept ten rats awake, depriving them of non-REM sleep, they developed skin lesions, lost weight, and experienced an erosion of their gastrointestinal tracts.
  • After 32 days, all of the rats were dead
  • Rats Induces Into Hibernation / Suspended Animation
  • Rats spent hours in a state of chilly suspended animation after researchers injected a compound into the animals in a cold room
  • The animals’ heart rates slowed, brain activity became sluggish and body temperature plummeted.
  • Lowering Body Temperature
  • Lowering the body temperature of a non hibernating mammal is really hard
  • As temperatures inside the body fall, several failsafe systems spring into action
  • Blood vessels near the skin squeeze tight to hold warmth in, the body starts to shiver and brown fat, a tissue that’s especially plentiful in newborns, starts to produce heat
  • The scientists in the study bypassed the rats’ defenses against the cold with a compound that’s similar to adenosine, a molecule in the body that signals sleepiness
  • Suspended Animation Experiment
  • After about an hour in a room chilled to 15* Celsius, the rats grew lethargic
  • Their brain waves slowed, their blood pressure dropped and their heart grew sluggish, occasionally skipping beats
  • The rats’ core temperature dropped from about 38* to about 30* C, or 80* Fahrenheit
  • The researchers measured even lower temperatures in further experiments – rats’ core body temperature reached 15* C or about 57* F.
  • The rats weren’t in a coma, nor were they asleep or truly hibernating
  • Hibernating animals’ metabolisms plummet and their temperatures sink much lower
  • The Arctic ground squirrel, for instance, cools to about -3* C when it hibernates
  • This is a new state that the scientists don’t really know what it is
  • In the experiment, loud noises and tail pinches failed to arouse the rats.
  • They didn’t eat or drink. Occasionally, one would slither into a corner, but for the most part, the animals stayed still for up to 6 hours
  • In unpublished experiments, Tupone has kept the animals in the unresponsive state for 24 hours, he says.
  • Warming the room coaxed the rats out of their torpor, the recovery process takes about 12 hours, during which the animals ate and drank voraciously
  • After recovering, the animals were alert, moved around their cages normally and slept when tired
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Could People Hibernate? Lemurs Give Clues – News Watch | newswatch.nationalgeographic.com
  • Rats induced into hibernation-like state | Life | Science News | sciencenews.org

— NEWS BYTE —

Apollo 11 Engines Found! || Summer SciByte August 01, 2013

— TWO-BYTE NEWS —

Earth in Pixels || Summer SciByte August 01, 2013

  • As Seen On
  • Summer SciByte | August 01, 2013 | SciByte
  • The Image
  • On July 19 the Cassini spacecraft orbiting Saturn took a picture of every living thing on Earth.
  • At 898.4 million miles away scientists turned the spacecraft to take a picture of Saturn eclipsing the Sun, in the background was the Earth and Moon.
  • It reminded me of the famous \’pale blue dot\’ image. Bringing the entirety of human history, and all life that we know of into a few pixels reminds me that we are only one tiny corner of a grand universe.
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • What the Earth and Moon Look Like From Saturn | UniverseToday.com

+

— Updates —

ARKYD Telescope

— CURIOSITY UPDATE —

SCIENCE CALENDAR

Looking back

  • September 17, 1822 : 191 years ago : Rosetta Stone decyphered : At the French Academie Royale des Inscriptions, Jean-François Champollion read a paper, Lettre a M. Dacier, describing his solution to the mystery of the triple inscriptions on the Rosetta Stone which had been unearthed July of 1799, by Napoleon\’s army near the Rosetta branch of the Nile. (Baron Joseph Dacier, to whom he addressed the letter, was Secretary of the Academie.) Champollion\’s work to decipher the hieroglyphics had began in 1808. Thomas Young did some preliminary fragmentary work, but otherwise it was Champollion\’s major accomplishment. In 1823 he gave more details in a series of memoirs read at the Institute, published the following year
  • Rosetta Stone – Wikipedia

Looking up this week

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]]> Neil Armstrong & Dinosaur Footprints | SciByte 60 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/23826/neil-armstrong-dinosaur-footprints-scibyte-60/ Tue, 28 Aug 2012 21:40:40 +0000 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/?p=23826 We take a look at the life of Neil Armstrong, dinosaurs at NASA, a Hubble contest update, a Curiosity Rover update much more!

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We take a look at the life of Neil Armstrong, dinosaurs at NASA, musical training, an update on a Hubble contest, Curiosity update and as always take a peek back into history and up in the sky this week.

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Show Notes

Neil Armstrong



YouTube Channel NASAexplorer

  • For the famed astronaut’s funeral set on Friday, August 31, flags will be flown at half-staff as ordered by President Obama as “a mark of respect for the memory of Neil Armstrong”.
  • Before NASA
  • He was licensed to fly at 16, before he got his driver’s license
  • Armstrong was active in the Boy Scouts and he eventually earned the rank of Eagle Scout
  • Recognized with the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award and Silver Buffalo Award
  • July 18, 1969, while flying towards the Moon inside the Columbia, he greeted the Scouts: “I’d like to say hello to all my fellow Scouts and Scouters at Farragut State Park in Idaho having a National Jamboree there this week; and Apollo 11 would like to send them best wishes”. Houston replied: "Thank you, Apollo 11. I’m sure that, if they didn’t hear that, they’ll get the word through the news. Certainly appreciate that
  • NASA
  • He became a test pilot with what evolved into NASA, flying more than 200 kinds of aircraft from gliders to jets.
  • Gemini 8
  • Armstrong and pilot David Scott achieved the first docking of two spacecraft in orbit, linking up with an unmanned Agena target vehicle
  • The mission was a near disaster, suffering the first critical in-space failure of a U.S. spacecraft after a stuck thruster set the Gemini spacecraft spinning
  • Armstrong ultimately regained control by using their re-entry system thrusters, steadying the spacecraft and forcing an early, but safe end to the mission
  • Apollo 11
  • Armstrong privately concluded that they had a 90 percent chance of returning safely to Earth but only a 50–50 chance of pulling off a successful landing.
  • It was crucial to land without any sideways motion, lest they risk tipping over at touchdown but the blast of the descent rocket was kicking up moon dust
  • Armstrong fixed his gaze on rocks sticking up through the blowing dust; using them as reference points and guided Eagle slowly downward, about as fast as an elevator
  • In those first few moments on the moon, Armstrong stopped in what he called “a tender moment” and left a patch to commemorate NASA astronauts and Soviet cosmonauts who had died in action.
  • An estimated 600 million people [a fifth of the world’s population] watched and listened to the moon landing, the largest audience for any single event in history.
  • In Wapakoneta, media and souvenir frenzy was swirling around the home of Armstrong’s parents where people were pulling grass out of their front yard.
  • After Apollo 11
  • Soon after returning from the moon, Armstrong announced he would not fly in space again.
  • Armstrong, Aldrin and Collins were given ticker tape parades in New York, Chicago and Los Angeles and later made a 22-nation world tour. A homecoming in Wapakoneta drew 50,000 people to the city of 9,000.
  • In 1970, Armstrong was appointed deputy associate administrator for aeronautics at NASA but left the following year to teach aerospace engineering at the University of Cincinnati.
  • Words of remembrance
  • Buzz Aldrin, Apollo 11 lunar module pilot and second man to walk on the moon | “Whenever I look at the moon it reminds me of the moment over four decades ago when I realized that even though we were farther away from Earth than two humans had ever been, we were not alone.”
  • Apollo 11 command module pilot Michael Collins | “He was the best, and I will miss him terribly,”
  • NASA Administrator Charles Bolden | “As long as there are history books, Neil Armstrong will be included in them, remembered for taking humankind’s first small step on a world beyond our own.”
  • NASA Administrator Charles Bolden | “As long as there are history books, Neil Armstrong will be included in them, remembered for taking humankind’s first small step on a world beyond our own. Besides being one of America’s greatest explorers, Neil carried himself with a grace and humility that was an example to us all. When President Kennedy challenged the nation to send a human to the moon, Neil Armstrong accepted without reservation.”
  • U.S. President Barack Obama | “Neil was among the greatest of American heroes – not just of his time, but of all time. When he and his fellow crew members lifted off aboard Apollo 11 in 1969, they carried with them the aspirations of an entire nation. They set out to show the world that the American spirit can see beyond what seems unimaginable – that with enough drive and ingenuity, anything is possible. And when Neil stepped foot on the surface of the moon for the first time, he delivered a moment of human achievement that will never be forgotten.”
  • Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney | “Neil Armstrong today takes his place in the hall of heroes. The moon will miss its first son of Earth.”
  • House Speaker John Boehner (R-Ohio) | “Neil Armstrong blazed trails not just for America, but for all of mankind. He inspired generations of boys and girls worldwide not just through his monumental feat, but with the humility and grace with which he carried himself to the end.”
  • In the words of Neil Armstrong
  • “[The moon was] simply magnificent, beyond any visual experience that I had ever been exposed to.”
  • “In my own view, the important achievement of Apollo was a demonstration that humanity is not forever chained to this planet, and our visions go rather further than that, and our opportunities are unlimited.”
  • “I am, and ever will be, a white socks, pocket protector, nerdy engineer,” “And I take a substantial amount of pride in the accomplishments of my profession.”
  • “I can honestly say—and it’s a big surprise to me—that I have never had a dream about being on the moon”
  • The space race was “the ultimate peaceful competition: USA versus U.S.S.R. It did allow both sides to take the high road, with the objectives of science and learning and exploration.”
  • From his family
  • "Honor his example of service, accomplishment and modesty, and the next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink.
  • Multimedia
  • Image Gallery Neil Armstrong – American Icon Remembered | Space.com
  • YouTube NASA | Highlight Reel of Partially Restored Apollo 11 Video | NASAexplorer
  • YouTube NASA | The 40th Anniversary of Apollo 11 | NASAexplorer
  • YouTube NASA: Neil Armstrong Remarks from Congressional Gold Medal July 21, 2009 | tvspace
  • YouTube The Åpollo–11 Channel | TheApollo11Channel
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Neil Armstrong Info
  • Biography : Neil Armstrong | NASA.gov
  • The Apollo 11 Flight Journal | history.NASA.gov
  • Debunking myths about Neil Armstrong | NBCnews
  • For Neil Armstrong, the First Moon Walker, It Was All about Landing the Eagle | ScientificAmerican
  • Neil Armstrong, 1st man on the moon, dies at 82 (Update) | phys.org
  • Neil Armstrong, First Man on the Moon, Dies at 82 | UniverseToday.com
  • Neil Armstrong: First Man on the Moon | Space,com
  • Neil Armstrong (1930–2012): NASA Remembers an American Icon | Space.com
  • Neil Armstrong Remembered: Tributes to 1st Man to Walk on the Moon | Space.com
  • Neil Armstrong, First Man to Walk on Moon, Dies at 82 | Space.com

— NEWS BYTE —

NASA and Dinosaurs?



Credit: NASA/GSFC/Rebecca Roth

  • The low down
  • Footprints of ankylosaur have been found on the property of a NASA‘s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland
  • Significance
  • Ankylosaur are members of the heavily-armored ankylosaur subgroup that lacked tail clubs but often sported prominent spike’s along their sides
  • At least two, possibly a mother and child tracks of two nodosaurs have been confirmed
  • A smaller print was discovered within the first, evidence that they were made around the same time and leading researchers to suggest it may have been a mother-and-child pair.
  • The track has started to erode, and may have been damaged by a lawnmower, the roughly 112-million-year-old track still shows four toe imprints
  • The tracks were found earlier this summer and recently NASA scientists were taken out to the site to see the fossil depression at that time
  • Researchers found several more possible dinosaur tracks, the NASA facility may have been founded on a Cretaceous dinosaur stomping ground.
  • Of Note
  • Officials are already moving to protect the fossil, and they plan to bring in paleontologists to look for other dinosaur tracks
  • What happens next will depend on the laws that regulate how fossils can be removed and curated.
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Multiple Dinosaur Tracks Confirmed at NASA Center | UniverseToday.com
  • NASA’s Nodosaur Track | Smithsonian.com

Musical training as a child has a life long affect

  • A little music training in childhood goes a long way in improving how the brain function
  • The low down
  • Researchers for the first time have directly examined what happens after children stop playing a musical instrument after only a few years
  • Compared to peers with no musical training, adults with one to five years of musical training as children had enhanced brain responses to complex sounds
  • Making them more effective at pulling out the lowest frequency in sound crucial for speech and music perception, allowing recognition of sounds in complex and noisy auditory environments.
  • Significance
  • For the study, young adults with varying amounts of past musical training were tested by measuring electrical signals from the auditory brainstem in response to eight complex sounds ranging in pitch
  • Forty-five adults were grouped into three matched groups based on histories of musical instruction
  • One group had no musical instruction, another had 1 to 5 years the others had to 6 to 11 years
  • Both musically trained groups began instrumental practice around age 9
  • Musical training during childhood led to more robust neural processing of sounds later in life
  • The study suggests that short-term music lessons may enhance lifelong listening and learning
  • Of Note
  • Prior research on highly trained musicians and early bilinguals revealed that enhanced brainstem responses to sound are associated with heightened auditory perception, executive function and auditory communication skills.
  • The team believes that a few years of music lessons also confer advantages in how one perceives and attends to sounds in everyday communication situations, such as noisy restaurants
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Practicing music for only few years in childhood helps improve adult brain: research | MedicalXPress
  • Musical Training During Childhood Shapes Brains As Adults | medicalnewstoday.com

— TWO-BYTE NEWS —

Documentary : Chasing Atlantis

— Updates —

Hubble’s Hidden Treasures

– CURIOSITY UPDATE –



Credit: JPLnews

SCIENCE CALENDAR

Looking back

  • August 1971 | 41 years ago | Neil Armstrong Retires from NASA

Looking up this week

The post Neil Armstrong & Dinosaur Footprints | SciByte 60 first appeared on Jupiter Broadcasting.

]]> Apollo 11 & Spinning Diagnostics | SciByte 54 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/21826/apollo-11-spinning-diagnostics-scibyte-54/ Tue, 17 Jul 2012 21:10:20 +0000 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/?p=21826 We take a look at Medical diagnostics on a disk, navigating fish, Pluto, Lunar X Prize, and a peek back at Apollo 11 and up in the sky this week.

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We take a look at Medical diagnostics on a disk, navigating fish, Pluto, Lunar X Prize, spacecraft updates and as always take a peek back into history to Apollo 11 and up in the sky this week.

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Show Notes

Upcoming spinning medical diagnostic tool



Credit: SandiaLabs Channel | Credit: Randy Wong (Sandia National Laboratories)

  • The low down
  • Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have developed a lab-on-a-disk platform that they believe will be faster, less expensive and more versatile than similar medical diagnostic tools
  • The unit can determine a patient’s white blood cell count, analyze important protein markers, and process up to 64 assays from a single sample, all in a matter of minutes.
  • Significance
  • The device uses a spinning disk, much like a CD player, to manipulate a sample. The disks contain commercially available reagents and antibodies specific to each protein marker.
  • The disks cost pennies to manufacture and results can be delivered to the physician’s computer in 15 minutes.
  • Sample take only a pin-prick sample of blood
  • Researchers envisions an approach where the physician could choose a “cardiac disk,” “immune disk” and similar options.
  • Of Note
  • Researchers recently led a National Institutes of Health grant to adapt the lab-on-a-disk platform for toxin diagnostics
  • That device could be the most accurate method available to detect the botulinum toxin
  • Laboratory mice remain the only reliable way to test for botulism, mouse bioassay is primitive, but remains the gold standard due to its sensitivity
  • SpinDx botulinum assay vastly outperformed the mouse bioassay in head-to-head tests, and requires absolutely no animal testing.
  • Although botulism is quite rare, only about 145 cases are reported in the United States each year, the lethality of the toxin brings concerns
  • Multimedia
  • SpinDx technology uses a spinning disk, much like a CD player, to manipulate samples. Image
  • YouTube | SpinDX medical diagnostic tool
  • Social Media
  • Sandia National Labs @SandiaLabs
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Faster, less expensive device gives lab test results in 15 minutes at point-of-care | Phys.org

— NEWS BYTE —

Fish and magnetic fields

  • The low down
  • Previous research has shown that many species of fish, as well as migratory birds, have the ability to detect differences in magnetic field
  • A Rainbow trout can swim straight back to its original hatching ground, following freshwater streams inland even after spending 3 years at sea and traveling up to 186 mi [300 km] away
  • They likely rely partially on their excellent eyesight and smell, they also seem to rely on Earth’s magnetic fields
  • Significance
  • Now for the first time scientists have isolated magnetic cells in the fish that respond to these magnetic fields
  • This study may even help researchers get to the root of magnetic sensing in a variety of creatures, including birds.
  • In addition the magnetism in each cell was tens to hundreds of times stronger than researchers had hypothesized
  • The fish may be able to detect small differences in magnetic field strength that can give them more detailed information about their precise latitude and longitude
  • Of Note
  • When analyzed between one and four cells rotated in turn with the rotating magnetic field
  • The team has now transferred the rotating cells to individual glass slides to study them further under the microscope.
  • Multimedia
  • Magnetite cells (white) found in the noses of rainbow trout, clustered near the cell’s membrane and not near the cell’s nucleus (blue). Image Credit: H. Cadiou
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • A Big Magnet in a Small Fish | ScienceMag.org

— TWO-BYTE NEWS —

Plutonian system grows

  • The low down
  • On July 11, almost almost exactly one year after Hubble spotted Pluto’s fourth moon, it discovered a fifth moon orbiting Pluto half as bright as the last moon discovered
  • Image sets were taken on 5 separate occasions in June and July
  • The Plutonian System
  • Pluto – 1433 mi [2,306 km] across : discovered in 1930 : orbiting 39 times farther than Earth
  • Charon – 648 mi [1,043 km] across : discovered in 1978
  • Nix – 20–70 mi [32–113 km] across : discovered in 2005
  • Hydra – 20–70 mi [32–113 km] across : discovered in 2005
  • P4 – 8–21 mi [13–34 km] across : discovered in 2011
  • P5 – 6–15 mi [10–24 km] across : discovered in 2012
  • Of Note
  • The New Horizons missions team is working closely with Hubble to try to find the safest route through the system
  • Multimedia
  • Image: Pluto’s fourth moon, temporarily dubbed P4 Credit: NASA/ESA/M.Showalter
  • Image : Newly discovered moon, designated P5, as photographed by Hubble’s Wide Field Camera 3 on July 7. Credit: NASA/ESA/M. Showalter
  • Social Media
  • NewHorizons2015 @NewHorizons2015
  • Alan Stern of the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) twitter anouncement ‏@AlanStern
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Fifth Moon Found Around Pluto | UniverseToday
  • Pluto Has a Fifth Moon, Hubble Telescope Reveals | Space.com
  • Hubble Space Telescope detects fifth moon of Pluto (Update) | Phys.org

Lunar X Prize

  • The low down
  • The Google Lunar X Prize, is a $30 million international challenge to land a robot on the lunar surface, have it travel at least 1,650 feet (500 meters) and send data and images back to Earth.
  • First prize will receive the $20 million grand prize
  • An additional $10 million is set aside for second place and various special accomplishments, such as detecting water, bringing the prizes total purse to $30 million.
  • Significance
  • The engineering director for the Google Books project, Jimi Crawford, has now signed on with Moon Express
  • He will serve as chief technology officer and software architect for a company competing in the Google Lunar X Prize, private race to the moon.
  • Of Note
  • The competition will end whenever all prizes are claimed or the end of 2015, whichever comes first
  • Multimedia
  • How Moon Express envisions its lunar lander can be used on future missions. Image CREDIT: Moon Express
  • YouTube Moon 2.0: Join the Revolution – HD High Definition | GoogleLunarXPRIZE
  • YouTube Channel Google Lunar X PRIZE
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Google Lunar X Prize
  • Ex-Google VIP Joins Private Moon Race Team | Space.com

– SPACECRAFT UPDATE –

Expedition 32



Credit: NASA/Victor Zelentsov | YouTube channel : NASATelevision

  • The low down
  • On July 14, three veteran space travelers from three different countries went to the International Space Station as part of the space station’s Expedition 32
  • Significance
  • NASA astronaut Sunita Williams, Russian cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko, and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency spaceflyer Akihiko Hoshide are due to stay for about four months.
  • They will be joining space station: commander Gennady Padalka of Russia, his cosmonaut colleague Sergei Revin, and NASA astronaut Joe Acaba, who have all been in space since May.
  • Of Note
  • Russian cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko, is a colonel in the Russian Air Force and will command the Soyuz spacecraft for Russia’s Federal Space Agency. He is making his third trip, his first long-duration spaceflight was aboard Russia’s Mir space station.
  • NASA astronaut Sunita Williams, is a U.S. Navy captain making her second long-duration spaceflight. She also currently holds the world record for most spacewalks by a woman (four) and the most time in space by a female astronaut (195 days)
  • Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Akihiko Hoshide is making his second spaceflight. His first mission involved the delivery of Japan’s huge Kibo laboratory module to the International Space Station.
  • Multimedia
  • YouTube Warm Greetings for New ISS Residents | NASAtelevision
  • Photos: Space Station’s Expedition 32 Mission | Space.com
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Veteran Space Station Crew to Launch Into Orbit Tonight | Space.com

The next chapter in the Dragon spacecraft

SCIENCE CALENDAR

Looking back

  • July 21, 1969 | 43 years ago | That’s one small step … | In 1969, Apollo XI astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin blasted off from the moon after 21 1/2 hours on the surface and returned to the command module piloted by Michael Collins. The Lunar module was comprised of two stages. The descent stage had the landing gear, and was used as a launch pad for the ascent stage. The ascent stage was mainly the cabin, and had a fixed thrust engine (15,500-Newton-thrust) to propel it to 2000 m/s in Lunar orbit for docking. The lunar module’s lower section, left behind, has a plaque mounted upon it, reading, “Here men from the planet Earth first set foot upon the moon, July 1969 A.D. We came in peace for all mankind.”
  • YouTube “One small step for man, …”
  • TimeLine
  • Launched from Earth | July 16, 1969 [9:32am EST / 13:32:00 UTC]
  • Landing on the Moon | July 20, 1969 [ 4:17pm EST/ 20:17:40 UTC]
  • First Step on the Moon | July 20, 1969 [ 10:56pm EST / 02:56 UTC]
  • EVA Time | 2 h 36 m 40 s
  • Total time on Surface | 21 h 36 m 21 s
  • Launched from Moon | July 21 [ 13:54 pm EST / 17:54 UTC]
  • Landing on Earth | July 24, 1969, [ 12:50 pm EST / 16:50:35 UTC]
  • Left on the Moon
  • Patch from Apollo 1 [Virgil “Gus” Ivan Grissom, Edward Higgins White, Roger Bruce Chaffee]
  • Medals commemorating pioneering Soviet cosmonauts Vladimir Komarov and Yuri Gagarin, who had died in flight
  • Goodwill messages from 73 world leaders
  • A small gold pin shaped like an olive branch, a symbol of peace.
  • Further Reading and Resources
  • Nixon Greets Astronauts in Quarantine
  • Interactive of Dec 1969 Vinyl supplement of National Geographic magazine
  • Apollo 11 Image Gallery | history.nasa.gov
  • Apollo 11 | nasa.gov
  • The Moon Is Toxic | UniverseToday.com

Looking up this week

The post Apollo 11 & Spinning Diagnostics | SciByte 54 first appeared on Jupiter Broadcasting.

]]> Apollo 11 & James Cameron | SciByte 40 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/18543/apollo-11-james-cameron-scibyte-40/ Tue, 03 Apr 2012 22:33:51 +0000 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/?p=18543 We take a look at recovering Apollo 11 hardware, James Cameron's ocean dive, sprinting planets, Lego science, coffee, Hubble image competition, and more!

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We take a look at recovering Apollo 11 hardware, James Cameron’s ocean dive, sprinting planets, Lego science, coffee, Einstein’s writings, Hubble image competition, viewer feedback and as always take a peek back into history and up in the sky this week.

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Show Notes:

Apollo 11 Engines found at the bottom of the ocean

*— NEWS BYTE — *

James Cameron dives deep

*— TWO-BYTE NEWS — *

Runaway planets

  • The low down
  • In 2005, astronomers found evidence of a runaway star that was flying out of the Milky Way galaxy at a speed of 1.5 million mph (2.4 million kph).
  • In the seven years since, 16 of these hypervelocity stars have been found
  • Significance
  • A new study has found that planets themselves could be ejected from their star, and even escaping the Milky Way at a speedy to 30 million miles per hour, or a fraction of the speed of light
  • A typical runaway planet would likely dash outward at 7 to 10 million mph (11.3 to 16.1 million kph),
  • Under the right circumstances, a few could have their speeds boosted to up to 30 million mph (48.3 million kph)
  • At those speeds they could be the fastest large solid objects, and could cross the diameter of the Earth in 10 sec
  • These hypervelocity planets could escape the Milky Way and travel through interstellar space
  • * Of Note*
  • Planets that are in tight orbits around a runaway star could travel with them, and be visible from dimming as it transits
  • This is the first time that scientists are discussing searching for planets around hypervelocity stars
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • ‘Warp-Speed’ Planets Flung Out of Galaxy on Wild Ride @ space.com

Lego’s can help build bones too

  • The low down
  • Bone has excellent mechanical properties for its weight
  • Synthetic bone has a range of applications; from the obvious, such as medical implants, to a material used in building construction
  • Researchers at Cambridge making synthetic bone have turned to legendary children’s toy Lego for a helping hand.
  • Significance
  • To ‘grow’ a synthetic bone like substance, the researchers first dip a sample into a beaker of calcium and protein, then rinse it in some water and dip in into another beaker of phosphate and protein
  • The process must be repeated over and over to build up the structure, which is time consuming and tedious
  • So the team looked into ways of automating the process, ideally a robot that could simply run while the team worked on other things and/or overnight
  • One solution for acquiring a robot was to purchase an expensive kit off the shelf from a catalog
  • Looking for a cheaper solution the team realized Lego could be the simplest, and cheapest, solution
  • So the team decided to build cranes from a Lego Mindstorms robotics kit
  • They programmed it to perform basic tasks on repeat, using microprocessors, motors, and sensors
  • The sample is tied to string at the end of the crane which then dips it in the different solutions
  • * Of Note*
  • The researchers are also working on hydroxyapatite–gelatin composites to create synthetic bone, of interest because of its low energy costs and improved similarity to the tissues they are intended to replace.
  • Multimedia
  • YouTube VIDEO : Google Science Fair 2012: How can robots aid scientific research ? ( with LEGO) |Google Science Fair
  • YouTube VIDEO :
  • IMAGE : @
  • Social Media
  • Twitter Results for [#]()
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Growing bones with Lego @ University of Cambridge
  • Growing bones with Lego @ physorg.com

Sorry some coffee lovers

  • The low down
  • While stimulants may improve unengaged workers’ performance, a new University of British Columbia study suggests that for others, caffeine and amphetamines can have the opposite effect, causing workers with higher motivation levels to slack off.
  • Significance
  • Researchers studied the impacts of stimulants on “slacker” rats and “worker” rats, and sheds important light on why stimulants might affect people differently
  • For slacker rats, amphetamine sharpened the mental work ethic, making them more likely to choose the harder task.
  • For workers; however, amphetamine caused the animals to choose the easier option more.
  • Researchers can’t yet explain why stimulants would cause workers to choose the easier task
  • One possibility is that hard workers are already performing optimally, so any chance to the system could cause a net decrease in productivity.
  • * Of Note*
  • This study indicates that people being treated with stimulants would better benefit from a more personalized treatment programs.
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Slacker rat, worker rat @ sciencenews.org
  • Coffee, other stimulant drugs may cause high achievers to slack off: research @ medicalxpress.com

Einsteins library

  • The low down
  • Albert Einstein’s complete archive is gradually becoming available through the Einstein Archives Online
  • The archive when fully uploaded will have more than 80,000 documents.
  • The archive will contain everything from manuscripts containing the famous E=mc^2 equation written in Einstein’s handwriting to postcards to his mother
  • * Of Note*
  • Einstein was an excellent student, who left school because he couldn’t handle the strict discipline and authority.
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Einstein Was a Good Student, New Online Archive Suggests @ space.com

SPACECRAFT UPDATE

You could bring about the next great Hubble picture

  • The low down
  • Since 1990, Hubble has made more than a million observations
  • The main way to get Hubble data is the Hubble Legacy Archive website, where a search box lets you look for objects based on their name or coordinates or even which camera on Hubble
  • Realize that Hubble has not been able to observe all objects in the night sky and that scientists get the first chance to work with their data, releasing it to the public a year after they have been made
  • Significance
  • Over a million observations of the Universe have been made by the Hubble Space Telescope. Spacetelescope.org is asking the public to sift through the archives, adjust the colors of their favorite photos with an online tool, and submit to the contest
  • You can search Hubble’s archive for hidden treasures even if you don’t have advanced knowledge
  • It is recommend that people narrow their search to give only results from ACS, WFC3 and WFPC2 – Hubble’s general purpose cameras, as not all of Hubble’s observations are images
  • An interactive tool on the website allows you to look at the image in more detail, and carry out basic image processing such as adjusting the zoom and changing the contrast and colour balance
  • You can save your work as a JPEG
  • The process is entirely browser-based, however you can download the image in a FITS format so you use more advanced software to process the images
  • * Of Note*
  • Images from Hubble are look at the image in more detail, and carry out basic image processing such as adjusting the zoom and changing the contrast and colour balance, containing far more information that the eye can see
  • The beautiful iconic Hubble images seen by the public have been extensively tweaked and optimised by hand, in order to reveal as much of the data as possible
  • Multimedia
  • VIDEO : Hubblecast 53: Hidden Treasures in Hubble’s Archive @ spacetelescope.org
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Hubble’s Hidden Treaures Website
  • Hubble Legacy Archive
  • What is image processing?
  • Hubble Treasures Contest : iPad and iPod Touch up for Grabs
  • Join the 2012 Hubble’s Hidden Treasures Competition

*— VIEWER FEEDBACK — *

SCIENCE CALENDER

Looking back

  • Apr 07, 1927 : 85 years ago : First Television Broadcast : In 1927, the first public display of a long distance television transmission was viewed by a group of newspaper reporters and dignitaries in the auditorium of AT&T Bell Telephone Laboratories, New York. The research at AT&T was led by Herbert Ives, who introduced the system to the audience, followed by a broadcast speech by the then Secretary of Commerce, Herbert Hoover from Washington, D.C.. Both the live picture and voice were transmitted by wire, over telephone lines. Hoover said,“Today we have, in a sense, the transmission of sight for the first time in the world’s history,” and also, “Human genius has now destroyed the impediment of distance in a new respect, and in a manner hitherto unknown.” The accomplishment was heralded with great acclaim by the press
  • Apr 06, 1930 : 82 years ago : Twinkies!!! : In 1930, Hostess Twinkies snack cakes were invented by James “Jimmy” A. Dewar, plant manager at Continental Baking Company, Chicago as an inexpensive product at the time of the Great Depression. He realized the factory had baking pans for sponge cakes used only during the summer strawberry season, and that they could be made useful year-round for a new product: sponge cakes injected with a banana creme filling. They originally sold at two for a nickel. Vanilla creme was substituted during the WW II banana shortage. The name is said to have come to him based on a billboard he saw for “Twinkle Toe” shoes.

Looking up this week

The post Apollo 11 & James Cameron | SciByte 40 first appeared on Jupiter Broadcasting.

]]> Amazon & Martian Weather | SciByte 39 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/18337/amazon-martian-weather-scibyte-39/ Tue, 27 Mar 2012 21:37:11 +0000 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/?p=18337 We take a look at hiking in the Amazon, swimming robots, Lunar images, Martian weather, Apollo sites, Space Station precautions, viewer feedback, and more!

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We take a look at hiking in the Amazon, swimming robots, Lunar images, Martian weather, Apollo sites, Space Station precautions, viewer feedback, and as always take a peek back into history and up in the sky this week.

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Hiking the Amazon

*— NEWS BYTE — *

Robotic Jellyfish

  • The low down
  • American researchers have created a robotic jellyfish, constructed from a set of smart materials named Robojelly
  • Its characteristics could make it ideal to use in underwater search and rescue operations
  • The simply swimming action of the jellyfish makes it an ideal invertebrate to base a vehicle on
  • The smart materials offer the ability to change shape or size as a result of a stimulus, and carbon nanotubes
  • Significance
  • This prototype used commercially-available shape memory alloys that “remember” their original shape
  • They then coated those with carbon nanotubes and coated with a platinum black powder.
  • The robot is powered by heat-producing chemical reactions between the oxygen and hydrogen in water and the platinum on its surface
  • Heat given off from the reaction transfers to the artificial muscles in the robot allowing the robot to transform into different shapes
  • The RoboJelly still needs development to achieve full functionality and efficiency
  • Robots of the floating kind
  • Another interesting robot is a quasi-autonomous floating robot
  • It is made to land on a lake, propel itself around and gather data about the water and atmosphere as it goes
  • The robot itself weighs about 100 pounds, and carry 150 pounds’ worth of sensing equipment
  • In a video it can turn circles and navigate around a lake
  • Currently it can be controlled from anywhere around the world using an Internet connection
  • The team is however working on making it more autonomous, even have a sense of curiosity to better investigate certain places
  • This type of robot would be useful science and military missions on Earth or for extraterrestrial lake landing probes, like Titan
  • It could also be used for help officials survey the cleanup of dangerously polluted water in munitions dumps and mines
  • Multimedia
  • YouTube VIDEO : Bioinspired Robojelly fuelled by hydrogen
  • YouTube VIDEO : Moon Jellyfish at the Vancouver Aquarium
  • YouTube VIDEO : Wolfgang Fink’s Robotic Lake Lander
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Jellyfish inspires latest ocean-powered robot (w/ video) @ physorg.com
  • Jellyfish-like Robot Takes a Very Simple Swim @ pcmag.com
  • Robojelly: Hydrogen-powered robot jellyfish is squishy awesome @ news.cnet.com
  • Self-Propelled Floating Robot Could Explore Saturn Moon Titan @ space.com

*— TWO-BYTE NEWS — *

First MoonKAM Image comes in from the Lunar Orbiters Ebb & Flow

Martian Clouds

Apollo landing sites up close

Space Station takes precautionary shelter

*— Updates — *

Martian Storm Chasing

*— VIEWER FEEDBACK — *

Ocean Salinity

  • Thanks to Mrs. Grubb’s Class’ science
  • Asked about the word for when you can’t dissolve any more of a substance into water
  • Also asked about the oceans salinity content across the oceans, and the locations of the saltiest places.
  • Saturation Point
  • Compounds that are called insoluble means they have poor or very poor solubility
  • When the solution can no longer dissolve or break down the bonds of a solute, it is called the saturation point
  • The saturation point, maximum concentration of a solution, can change with temperature, pressure and the chemical properties of molecules in the solution
  • There are also rare instances of molecules that don’t have a saturation point, they are called fully miscible
  • Supersaturation
  • Under the right conditions you can actually exceed the saturation point, like carbonated water or soda pop.
  • They are filled under higher than atmospheric pressure, so when you open it and the pressure drops the carbon dioxide in the water escapes the solution
  • Supersaturated solutions of sugar and water are sometimes used to make rock candy
  • The Oceans salinity
  • The salinity levels of the ocean are different all over the world and interact with the oceans flow
  • Changes in salt concentration at the ocean surface affect the weight of surface waters. Fresh water is light and floats on the surface, while salty water is heavy and sinks
  • Saltiest bodies of water
  • Don Juan Pond in Victoria Land, Antarctica. At a possible 18 times the salinity of the ocean, Don Juan never freezes.
  • Lake Assal (Djibouti) in central-eastern Djibouti, Garabogazkol in Turkmenistan, and the Dead Sea on the border of Jordan and Israel
  • Multimedia
  • YouTube VIDEO :
  • IMAGE GALLERY: @
  • IMAGE : @
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Salinity @ NASA.gov

SCIENCE CALENDER

Looking back

  • Mar 30, 239 BC : 2251 years ago : Halley’s Comet : In 239, B.C., was the first recorded perihelion passage of Halley’s Comet by Chinese astronomers in the Shih Chi and Wen Hsien Thung Khao chronicles. Its highly elliptical, 75-year orbit carries it out well beyond the orbit of Neptune and well inside the orbits of Earth and Venus when it swings in around the Sun, travelling in the opposite direction from the revolution of the planets. It was the first comet that was recognized as being periodic. An Englishman, Edmond Halley predicted in 1705 that the comet that appeared over London in 1682 would reappear again in 1759, and that it was the same comet that appeared in 1607 and 1531. When the comet did in fact reappear again in 1759, as correctly predicted, it was named (posthumously) after Halley | Comet Halley | Comet Halley @ astropix.com | Reproduction of original plates of Comet Halley 25 May 1910 @ esa.int |
  • Mar 31, 1889 : 123 years ago : Eiffel Tower : In 1889, the Eiffel Tower, Paris, France, was inaugurated, becoming the world’s tallest tower of its era. With a height of 300-m (986-ft), it remained the world’s tallest structure until surpassed by the Empire State Building, 40 years later. The designer Gustave Eiffel, 56, celebrated by unfurling a French flag at the top of the tower. The immense iron latticework design was chosen unanimously from 700 proposals submitted in a competition. Construction took from 26 Jan 1887 to 31 Mar 1889, using 300 steel workers. It was erected for the Paris Exposition of 1889, which had 1,968,287 visitors. Elevators were powered from machinery in the basements of the eastern and western pillars | Record breaking structure | Stages of Construction | This Day in History @ 32s |

Looking up this week

The post Amazon & Martian Weather | SciByte 39 first appeared on Jupiter Broadcasting.

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