KELT – Jupiter Broadcasting https://www.jupiterbroadcasting.com Open Source Entertainment, on Demand. Mon, 22 Feb 2016 02:47:31 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=5.5.3 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/cropped-favicon-32x32.png KELT – Jupiter Broadcasting https://www.jupiterbroadcasting.com 32 32 CoQ10 & Smart LEGO | SciByte 97 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/38666/coq10-smart-lego-scibyte-97/ Tue, 11 Jun 2013 20:20:12 +0000 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/?p=38666 We take a look at CoQ10 and your heart, a new Multiple Sclerosis treatment, smart LEGO, exoplanets, Curiosity news, and more!

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We take a look at CoQ10 and your heart, a new Multiple Sclerosis treatment, smart LEGO, exoplanets, Curiosity news, and as always take a peek back into history and up in the sky this week.

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Book Pick:

Coenzyme Q10 and Your Heart

  • Recent results from a multicentre randomised double blind trial shows that Coenzyme Q10 decreases all cause mortality by half
  • Making it the first drug to improve heart failure mortality in over a decade
  • Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
  • Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) occurs naturally in the body and is essential to survival
  • It works as an electron carrier in the mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cells, to produce energy and is also a powerful antioxidant
  • CoQ10 levels are decreased in the heart muscle of patients with heart failure, with the deficiency becoming more pronounced as heart failure severity worsens
  • Double Blind Trial
  • Double blind controlled trials have shown that CoQ10 improves symptoms, functional capacity and quality of life in patients with heart failure with no side effects
  • Until now, no trials have been statistically powered to address effects on survival
  • The study randomised 420 patients with severe heart failure, into two groups with CoQ10 or placebo and followed them for 2 years
  • The primary endpoint was time to first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), unplanned hospitalisation due to worsening of heart failure, cardiovascular death, urgent cardiac transplantation and mechanical circulatory support
  • CoQ10 halved the risk of MACE, with 29 (14%) patients in the CoQ10 group reaching the primary endpoint compared to 55 (25%) patients in the placebo group
  • CoQ10 also halved the risk of dying from all causes, which occurred in 18 (9%) patients in the CoQ10 group compared to 36 (17%) patients in the placebo group
  • The CoQ10 treated patients also had significantly lower cardiovascular mortality and had a lower occurrence of hospitalisations for heart failure
  • There were fewer adverse events in the CoQ10 group compared to the placebo group
  • CoQ10 is the first medication to improve survival in chronic heart failure since ACE inhibitors and beta blockers more than a decade ago
  • Other heart failure medications block rather than enhance cellular processes and may have side effects
  • It\’s a Natural Substance
  • CoQ10 is a natural and safe substance, corrects a deficiency in the body and blocks the vicious metabolic cycle in chronic heart failure called the energy starved heart
  • It is present in food, including red meat, plants and fish, but levels are insufficient to impact on heart failure
  • It is currently sold over the counter as a food supplement but food supplements can influence the effect of other medications including anticoagulants, so patients should seek advice from their doctor before taking them`
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • First drug to improve heart failure mortality in over a decade | MedicalXPress.com

— NEWS BYTE —

Multiple Sclerosis Treatment

  • A phase 1 clinical trial for the first treatment to reset the immune system of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients showed the therapy was safe and dramatically reduced patients\’ immune systems\’ reactivity to myelin by 50 to 75 percent
  • Multiple Sclerosis
  • In MS, the immune system attacks and destroys myelin, the insulating layer that forms around nerves in the spinal cord, brain and optic nerve
  • When the insulation is destroyed, electrical signals can\’t be effectively conducted, resulting in symptoms that range from mild limb numbness to paralysis or blindness
  • The New Therapy
  • Current therapies for MS suppress the entire immune system, making patients more susceptible to everyday infections and higher rates of cancer
  • The new stops autoimmune responses that are already activated and prevents the activation of new autoimmune cells
  • The Trial
  • The MS patients\’ own specially processed white blood cells were used to stealthily deliver billions of myelin antigens into their bodies so their immune systems would recognize them as harmless and develop tolerance to them
  • While the trial\’s nine patients were too few to statistically determine the treatment, the study did show patients who received the highest dose of white blood cells had the greatest reduction in myelin reactivity
  • The primary aim of the study was to demonstrate the treatment\’s safety and tolerability
  • The intravenous injection of up to 3 billion white blood cells with myelin antigens caused no adverse effects in MS patients
  • The treatment did not reactivate the patients\’ disease and did not affect their healthy immunity to real pathogens
  • Researchers also tested patients\’ immunity to tetanus because all had received tetanus shots in their lifetime
  • One month after the treatment, their immune responses to tetanus remained strong, showing the treatment\’s immune effect was specific only to myelin
  • Phase 2 Trials
  • Human safety study sets the stage for a phase 2 trial to see if the new treatment can prevent the progression of MS in humans
  • The trial, which has already been approved in Switzerland
  • In the phase 2 trial researchers want to treat patients as early as possible in the disease before they have paralysis due to myelin damage
  • What Does It Do?
  • The patients\’ white blood cells are filtered out, specially processed and coupled with myelin antigens by a complex GMP manufacturing process
  • Then billions of these dead cells secretly carrying the myelin antigens were injected intravenously into the patients
  • The cells entered the spleen, which filters the blood and helps the body dispose of aging and dying blood cells
  • During this process, the immune cells start to recognize myelin as a harmless and immune tolerance quickly develops
  • This process may be useful for treating not only MS but also a host of other autoimmune and allergic diseases simply by switching the antigens attached to the cells
  • Another Possible Carrier
  • This therapy, recently published research in mice in which he used nanoparticles-rather than a patient\’s white blood cells-to deliver the myelin antigen
  • Using a patient\’s white blood cells is a costly and labor-intensive procedure
  • This new study showed the nanoparticles, which are potentially cheaper and more accessible to a general population, could be as effective as the white blood cells as delivery vehicles
  • Multimedia
  • YouTube | Multiple Sclerosis | AsapSCIENCE
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Multiple sclerosis breakthrough: Trial safely resets patients\’ immune systems and reduces attack on myelin protein | MedicalXPress

— TWO-BYTE NEWS —

Smart and Awesome LEGO

  • The Low Down
  • A recent tour of the Sony Computer Science Laboratories in Tokyo, found LEGO with cameras, motors and some rudimentary AI
  • Seen there was a motorized Lego platform controlled by a computer squared off against a platform controlled by a human with a PlayStation controller
  • The project is still in the experimental phase, so it will be awhile before it reaches the commercial level
  • Multimedia
  • YouTube | Sony and Lego ponder next-gen toys in Tokyo
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • These Artificially Intelligent Legos Look Awesome | Popular Science

Exoplanet Found By Small Telescopes

  • The Low Down
  • Tiny telescopes in Arizona and South Africa have spotted a Saturn-like planet in orbit around a star about 700 light-years from Earth.
  • The Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope (KELT) and other ground-based tools spied the alien planet as it passed in front of its star
  • The planet, KELT-6b, can be seen from the surface of Earth for five hours as it transits
  • It has a year lasts only about 7.8 days, has no rings, and has a mass and size resemble the planet Saturn
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Saturn-Like Alien Planet Found by Little Telescope | KELT-6b | Space.com

— Updates —

Exoplanet Heft

  • A new study suggests that a large number of worlds found by NASA\’s Kepler alien planet-hunting space telescope are probably significantly larger than scientists previously estimated
  • What’s Going On
  • The Kepler Space Telescope has spotted more than 2,700 potential
  • Now researchers have made detailed follow-up observations of 300 of the stars Kepler found likely to be harboring exoplanets
  • One of the main findings of this initial work is that our observations indicate that most of the stars we observed are slightly larger than previously thought and one quarter of them are at least 35 percent larger
  • This also mean that any planets orbiting these stars must be larger and hotter as well, which could reduce the number of candidate Earth-size planet analogues detected by Kepler
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Planets Found by Kepler Spacecraft Likely Larger Than Thought | Space.com

— CURIOSITY UPDATE —

  • Curiosity will soon shift to a distance-driving mode headed for an area about 8 km / 5 mi away, at the base of Mount Sharp
  • The Mission Objective
  • The mission has also already accomplished its main science objective.
  • Analysis of rock powder from the first drilled rock target, \”John Klein,\” provided evidence that an ancient environment in Gale Crater had favorable conditions for microbial life
  • The rover team chose a similar rock, \”Cumberland,\” as the second drilling target to provide a check for the findings at John Klein
  • Scientists are currently analyzing laboratory-instrument results from portions of the Cumberland sample
  • Event
  • To reach the first area of investigation, Glenelg where it is now, the rover drove east about a 500 m / 0.3 mi from the landing site
  • No additional rock drilling or soil scooping is planned in the Glenelg area
  • To reach the next destination, Mount Sharp, Curiosity will drive toward the southwest for many months.
  • Although just because our end goal is Mount Sharp doesn\’t mean the team will not investigate interesting features along the way
  • Capabilities
  • One new capability being used is to drive away while still holding rock powder in Curiosity\’s sample-handling device to supply additional material to instruments later if desired by the science team
  • For the drilling at Cumberland, steps that each took a day or more at John Klein could be combined into a single day\’s sequence of commands far more efficiently
  • The team used the experience and lessons from our first drilling campaign, as well as new cached sample capabilities, to do the second drill
  • In addition, they increased the use of the rover\’s autonomous self-protection. This allowed more activities to be strung together before the ground team had to check in on the rover
  • Before the Road Trip Starts
  • The science team has chosen three targets for brief observations before Curiosity leaves the Glenelg area
  • The boundary between bedrock areas of mudstone and sandstone, a layered outcrop called \”Shaler\” which might be a river deposit.
  • And a pitted outcrop called \”Point Lake\” which might be volcanic or sedimentary.
  • A closer look at them could give us better understanding of how the rocks we sampled with the drill fit into the history of how the environment changed
  • Multimedia
  • YouTube | Curiosity Rover Report (June 7, 2013): Rover Ready to Switch Gears | JPLnews
  • Image Galleries at JPL and Curiosity Mulimedia
  • Social Media
  • Curiosity Rover @MarsCuriosity
  • Further Reading / In the News

SCIENCE CALENDAR

Looking back

  • June 13, 1983 : 30 years ago : Pioneer 10 : Space probe vehicle Pioneer 10 crossed the orbit of Neptune and became the first manmade object to leave our Solar System. It was launched 2 Mar 1972. It is moving in a straight line away from the Sun at a constant velocity of about 12 km/sec. Some 30 years after its launch, on 27 Apr 2002, NASA made successful contact with telemetry received from Pioneer 10 when it was at a distance from Earth of 7.57 billion miles, and the round-trip time for the signal (at the speed of light) was 22-hr 35-min. The probe sent information from the one scientific instrument that was still working, the Geiger Tube Telescope. The spacecraft is heading generally towards the red star Aldebaran, which forms the eye of Taurus (The Bull)
  • Voyager 1 launched on Sept 5, 1977 and overtook Pioneer 10 on Nov 17, 1998. It remains the most distant man-made object
  • Voyager 2 launched on Aug 20, 1977

Looking up this week

The post CoQ10 & Smart LEGO | SciByte 97 first appeared on Jupiter Broadcasting.

]]> Extreme Exoplanets & Language | SciByte 52 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/21066/extreme-exoplanets-language-scibyte-52/ Tue, 26 Jun 2012 21:42:03 +0000 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/?p=21066 We take a look at extreme exoplanets, saving languages, the 50 gigapixel camera, a positive work environment, and more!

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We take a look at extreme exoplanets, saving languages, the 50 gigapixel camera, a positive work environment, medical diagnostic tools, Spacecraft updates, and as always take a peek back into history and up in the sky this week.

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No SciByte next week, July 3rd

Extreme exoplanet discoveries



You Tube Channel pacargile | Credit: NASA; Frank Melchior

  • Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope (KELT) North
  • – Telescope
  • Roughly as powerful as a high-end digital camera, making it slightly more diminutive than Kepler
  • KELT North scans the northern sky from Arizona
  • KELT South covers the southern sky from Cape Town, South Africa.
  • Rather than staring at a small group of stars at high resolution, the twin KELT North and KELT South telescopes observe millions of very bright stars at low resolution
  • The small ground-based KELT telescopes provide a low-cost alternative for exoplanet hunters by primarily using off-the-shelf technology. The hardware for a KELT telescope costs less than $75,000
  • – KELT–1b
  • Located approximately 825 light-years away in the constellation of Andromeda
  • Mostly metallic hydrogen, is slightly larger than Jupiter, but contains a whopping 27 times the mass
  • It tentatively been classed as a brown dwarf due to its mass
  • Completes one orbit in a mere 29 hours
  • Surface temperature is likely above 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit (~ 2,200 degrees Celsius)
  • Receiving 6,000 times the amount of radiation that Earth receives from the sun
  • – Kelt–2Ab
  • Located about 360 light-years away in the constellation of Auriga
  • 30 percent larger than Jupiter with 50 percent more mass.
  • KELT–2Ab’s parent star is so bright it can be seen from Earth through binoculars and is slightly bigger than the sun, within a binary system
  • One star is slightly bigger than our sun, and the other star is slightly smaller. KELT–2Ab orbits the bigger star, which is bright enough to be seen from Earth with binoculars
  • The star is so luminous that researchers will be able to make direct observations of the planet’s atmosphere by examining light that shines through it when the star passes within KELT North’s field of view again in November.
  • Follow-up observations are also being planned from both ground based and orbiting observatories including the Hubble Space Telescope and the infrared Spitzer Space Telescope.
  • Closely Orbiting Planets
  • Astronomers have discovered two alien planets around the same star, 200 light-years from Earth, whose orbits come so close together that each rises in the night sky of its sister world
  • This means they are closer than any other pair of planets known, and are about 20 times closer together than any two planets in our solar system
  • At their closest approach, the two planets are roughly three times closer to their host star than Mercury
  • The two planets meet up every 97 days in a conjunction that would make each dramatically visible in the other’s sky.
  • While they are as different in density as Earth and Saturn they are separated by five times the distance between the Earth and the moon [1.2 million miles/1.9 million kilometers]
  • The larger planet is pushing the smaller planet around more, so the smaller planet was harder to find
  • The timing of their orbits means they’ll never collide
  • – Kepler 36a
  • A star likely a bit hotter than our star
  • Several billion years older than our Sun, and at this time is known to have just two planets
  • – Kepler–36b
  • Has an orbit of about 14 days and sits about 11 million miles (18 million km) from the star.
  • Kepler–36b, appears to be a rocky “super-Earth” 4.5 times as massive as our planet
  • Probably has lava flows on its surface
  • A super-Earth just 1.5 times wider than our planet. Iron likely constitutes about 30 percent of its mass, water around 15 percent and atmospheric hydrogen and helium less than 1 percent
  • Probably formed relatively close to the star
  • – Kepler–36c
  • Has an orbit of about 16 days, at an average distance of 12 million miles (19 million km)
  • A gaseous, Neptune-size world about eight times as massive as Earth
  • About 3.7 times wider than Earth, likely has a rocky core surrounded by a substantial atmosphere filled with lots of hydrogen and helium
  • Likely took shape farther out
  • Multimedia
  • YouTube : KELT–2Ab Discovery Light Curve | pacargile
  • YouTube : KELT–1 LC| pacargile
  • Twitter Image : The orbit of the exoplanets Kepler–36 b and c | @ExoplanetApp
  • Twitter Image : Kepler–36a/b are 20 times more closely spaced than any adjacent planets in the Solar System! | @ExoplanetApp
  • Social Media
  • Exoplanet App ‏ @ExoplanetApp
  • NASA Kepler ‏ @NASAKepler
  • Spitzer Telescope ‏ @SpitzerScope
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Planetrise: Astronomers spy two planets in tight quarters as they orbit a distant star | [phys.org]
  • What a View! Exoplanet Odd Couple Orbit in Close Proximity | UniverseToday.com
  • Odd Alien Planets So Close Together They See ‘Planetrise’ | Space.com
  • ‘Weird’ Alien Planets Found by Small Telescope | Space.com

— NEWS BYTE —

50 Gigapixel Mega Camera

  • The low down
  • Traditionally, one way of making better optics has been to add more glass elements, which increases complexity
  • Researchers have developed a prototype “supercamera” that stitches together images from 98 individual cameras to create a 960-million-pixel image
  • Significance
  • This camera captures up to 50 gigapixels of data, which is 50,000 megapixels, while most consumer cameras range from 8 to 40 megapixels
  • The resolution of this camera, five times better than 20/20 human vision, have enough resolution to spot a 3.8-centimeter-wide object 1 kilometer away
  • The prototype camera itself is two-and-half feet square and 20 inches deep, with only about 3% of the camera is made of the optical elements
  • The camera is so large now because of the electronic control boards and the need to add components to keep it from overheating
  • Other camera systems can generate gigapixel-and-larger images, those composite views are stitched together from individual images taken sequentially with one camera as it is panned across the scene
  • This new system takes all 98 images simultaneously, providing a “stop action” view of a scene, with some overlap
  • Of Note
  • Researchers believe that within five years, gigapixel cameras should be available to the general public
  • The camera is being developed by Duke’s Pratt School of Engineering, University of Arizona, University of California, and Distant Focus Corp
  • Multimedia
  • Credit: Duke University Imaging and Spectroscopy Program
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • ScienceShot: Get Ready for Gigapixels | new.ScienceMag.org
  • Engineers build 50 gigapixel camera | phys.org

— TWO-BYTE NEWS —

Words heard round the world




YouTube Channel : endangeredlanguages

  • The low down
  • Only half of the approximately 7,000 languages spoken today are expected to survive past the end of this century
  • Wed, June 21 Google introduced an Endangered Languages Project website where people can find, share, and store information about dialects in danger of disappearing.
  • Significance
  • Endangeredlanguages.com is designed to let users upload video, audio, or text files and encourages them to memorialize recordings of rare dialects.
  • A range of collaborators have already begun to contribute content ranging from 18th-century manuscripts to modern teaching tools like video and audio language samples and knowledge-sharing articles
  • Technology can strengthen these efforts, by helping people create high-quality recordings of their elders (often the last speakers of a language)
  • Of Note
  • Google’s philanthropic arm seeded the project, leadership of which will be ceded in coming months to the First People’s Cultural Council and the Institute for Language Information and Technology at Eastern Michigan University.
  • Endangered Languages Catalog (ELCat), is sponsored by the University of Hawaii, will also be contributing to the project.
  • Multimedia
  • YouTube : Introducing the Endangered Languages Project | endangeredlanguages
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Endangeredlanguages.com
  • Google sets out to save dying languages | phys.org

A win for a positive work environment

  • The low down
  • A new study challenges previous research that says the threat of penalty is more effective for getting increased effort
  • Significance
  • A scientific experiment in which participants played the role of supervisor and employee
  • Some employees were subjected to a bonus program implemented by the supervisor, others worked under a penalty system.
  • Employees subjected to the bonus exhibited more effort and this was driven by greater trust in the supervisor
  • Those subjected to penalties tend to distrust the supervisor and, because of that, work less hard
  • Of Note
  • This study is the first to identify this trust factor.
  • This suggests that employees who receive bonuses for their efforts will work even harder, increasing productivity and potentially bolstering profits
  • Examples of penalties in the business world include pay reduction, demotion and sanction or other disciplinary action, such as a salesperson with lower performance getting less territory to work.
  • Multimedia
  • Credit: Michigan State University
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Carrots, not sticks, motivate workers | phys.org

A possible new diagnostic tool for Parkinson’s Disease

  • The low down
  • Parkinson’s is a degenerative disease that slowly rob those afflicted of their faculties
  • Currently there is no blood test for the disease
  • Some notable people that have it are Michael J. Fox, Muhammad Ali, Andy Grove (one of the founders of chip maker Intel)
  • Mathematician Max Little has found a computer program he’s devised, is remarkably good at diagnosing the disease by analyzing voice alone.
  • Working on his PhD at Oxford applying math algorithms to voice disorders
  • During his work he found a repository of vocal recordings by Parkinson’s patients
  • The recordings were meant to be used as anecdotal testimony to help researchers learn more about the progression of the disease
  • Comparing 50 patient voices to non-afflicted people he found he was able to detect which voices belonged to those with the disease in 86% of cases
  • To increase the number of voices in the system Little has set up a website with phone numbers for people, both affected and not, to call in and leave a voice message to add to the database
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Parkinson’s Voice Initiative
  • Mathematician develops vocal method of testing for Parkinson’s disease | MedicalXPress

– SPACECRAFT UPDATE –

The Shuttle Enterprise’s Tent

  • Last time on SciByte
  • SciByte 50 | Dinosaurs & Neutrinos : Shuttle Enterprise’s last landing
  • Significance
  • Two weeks after arriving on top of the aircraft carrier-turned-Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum in New York City, Enterprise is now underneath the inflatable canopy that will house its public display.
  • On Tuesday (June 19) Enterprise was covered by an opaque-white fabric shelter to protect it from exposure to the elements and to meet NASA’s display requirements for a climate-controlled facility
  • Some final work configuring the canopy is still underway however, including the removal of scaffolding that supported the fabric being raised, which led to it being deflated again.
  • The now pressurized enclosure extends over Enterprise’s tail, which tops out at 57 feet (17 meters) high, and beyond the shuttle’s 78-foot (24-meter) wingspan.
  • It occupies the rear of the Intrepid’s flight deck with the shuttle’s nose pointed out toward the Hudson River
  • The display is set to open to the public on July 19 when visitors will get the chance to closely view and circle around the prototype winged orbiter
  • Of Note
  • The location for the permanent Enterprise exhibit is still to be decided.
  • Intrepid officials have said that they are considering locations across the street from where the aircraft carrier is docked and also alongside the museum on the pier.
  • Multimedia
  • Credit: Intrepid/Earthcam
  • Social Media
  • Intrepid Museum @IntrepidMuseum
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Shuttle Enterprise Lands on the Deck of Intrepid in Manhattan
  • Space shuttle ‘grazes’ wing in final river voyage

New SpaceX Competition

Want to know more about the space station? There’s an app for that

  • The low down
  • NASA has created a free app for smartphones and tablet computers
  • Users can navigate through a realistic 3-D recreation of the station’s flight control room in Houston
  • Space Station data, including temperatures and work timelines for each of the six crew members living on board
  • It also shows where the space station is in orbit, as relative to the real positions of the Earth, moon and Sun.
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Space Station Live!
  • collectSpace
  • Space Station Live! NASA App Puts Orbiting Lab at Your Fingertips | Space.com

SCIENCE CALENDAR

Looking back

  • June 30, 1908 : 104 years ago : Tunguska Meteorite
  • At around 7:15 am, northwest of Lake Baikal, Russia, a huge fireball nearly as bright as the Sun was seen crossing the sky. Minutes later, there was a huge flash and a shock wave felt up to 650 km (400 mi) away. Over Tunguska, a meteorite over 50-m diameter, travelling at over 25 km per second (60,000 mph) penetrate Earth’s atmosphere, heated to about 10,000 ºC and detonated 6 to10 km above the ground. The blast released the energy of 10–50 Megatons of TNT, destroying 2,200 sq km of forest leaving no trace of life. Taurid Meteor storm that crosses Earth’s orbit twice a year. The first scientific expedition for which records survive was made by Russian mineralogist Leonid Kulik in 1927
  • In 1938, Kulik arranged for an aerial photographic survey of the area covering the central part of the leveled forest (some 250 square kilometres [97 sq mi]). The negatives of these aerial photographs (1,500 negatives, each 18 × 18 cm or 7.1 x 7.1 in) were burned in 1975 by order of Yevgeny Krinov, then Chairman of the Committee on Meteorites of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Tunguska event | Wikipedia

Looking up this week

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