Mars rover – Jupiter Broadcasting https://www.jupiterbroadcasting.com Open Source Entertainment, on Demand. Wed, 19 May 2021 01:07:50 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=5.5.3 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/cropped-favicon-32x32.png Mars rover – Jupiter Broadcasting https://www.jupiterbroadcasting.com 32 32 Mars Goes to Shell | LINUX Unplugged 406 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/145067/mars-goes-to-shell-linux-unplugged-406/ Tue, 18 May 2021 16:45:00 +0000 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/?p=145067 Show Notes: linuxunplugged.com/406

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Show Notes: linuxunplugged.com/406

The post Mars Goes to Shell | LINUX Unplugged 406 first appeared on Jupiter Broadcasting.

]]> How Linux Got to Mars | LINUX Unplugged 396 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/144432/how-linux-got-to-mars-linux-unplugged-396/ Tue, 09 Mar 2021 17:00:00 +0000 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/?p=144432 Show Notes: linuxunplugged.com/396

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Show Notes: linuxunplugged.com/396

The post How Linux Got to Mars | LINUX Unplugged 396 first appeared on Jupiter Broadcasting.

]]> Fixing the Barn Door | TechSNAP 257 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/97301/fixing-the-barn-door-techsnap-257/ Thu, 10 Mar 2016 09:39:46 +0000 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/?p=97301 We’ll tell you about the real world pirates that hacked a shipping company, the open source libraries from Mars Rover found being used in malware & Microsoft’s solution for that after-hack hangover. Plus great questions, a packed round up & much more! Thanks to: Get Paid to Write for DigitalOcean Direct Download: HD Video | […]

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We’ll tell you about the real world pirates that hacked a shipping company, the open source libraries from Mars Rover found being used in malware & Microsoft’s solution for that after-hack hangover.

Plus great questions, a packed round up & much more!

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Show Notes:

Pirates hacked Shipping Company to find valuable cargo

  • As described in Verizon’s most recent Data Breach Digest, a collection of cyber-security case studies the company’s RISK Team helped investigate and solve sometime in the past year, a reputable global shipping conglomerate started having peculiar problems with sea pirates.
  • The shipping company was telling Verizon that pirates were boarding their vessels at regular intervals.
  • Equipped with a barcode reader (and weapons, of course), searching specific crates, emptying all the high-value cargo, and making off with the loot within minutes of launching their attacks.
  • All of this made the shipping company think there was something strange and hired the RISK Team to track down the source of a possible leak.
  • The RISK Team quickly narrowed down the problem to the firm’s outdated custom-built CMS, which featured an insecure upload script.
  • As the Verizon team explained, a hacker, either part of the sea pirates group or hired by them, had uploaded a Web shell via this insecure form. In turn, this shell was uploaded inside a Web-accessible directory.
  • To make things worse, that particular folder also had “execute” permissions.
  • Using this access to the shipping firm’s database, the hacker pulled down BoLs (bills of lading), future shipment schedules, and ship routes so the pirates could plan their attack and identify crates holding valuable content.
  • Fortunately, the hacker wasn’t that skilled. Verizon says that the attacker used a Web shell that didn’t support SSL, meaning that all executed commands were recorded in the Web server’s log.
  • The RISK Team was able to recreate a historic timeline of all the hacker’s actions and identify exactly what he looked at and where he sent the files.
  • Verizon’s RISK Team states:

“These threat actors, while given points for creativity, were clearly not highly skilled,” the RISK Team explains. “For instance, we found numerous mistyped commands and observed that the threat actors constantly struggled to interact with the compromised servers.”

Open source libraries from Mars Rover found being used in malware

  • According to Palo Alto Networks, on December 24, 2015, India’s Ambassador to Afghanistan received a spear-phishing email that contained a new malware variant, which, if downloaded and installed, would have opened a backdoor on the official’s computer.
  • India has been a trustworthy business partner for Afghanistan, helping the latter build its new Parliament complex, the Salma Dam, along with smaller transportation, energy, and infrastructure projects.
  • Because of this tight collaboration between the two, it is normal that other nations or interest groups may want to know what the two countries are planning together.
  • The Ambassador’s email was spoofed and made to look like it was coming from India’s Defense Minister, Manohar Parrikar. Attached to the email was an RTF file.
  • Palo Alto researchers say that this file contained malicious code to exploit the CVE-2010-3333 Office XP vulnerability, resulting in the download of a file named “file.exe” from the newsumbrealla[.]net domain.
  • This file was automatically launched into execution and was a simple malware payload dropper that was tasked with downloading the real threat, a new trojan that the researchers christened Rover.
  • This malware was given the “Rover” name because it relied on the OpenCV and OpenAL open source libraries, both used in the software deployed with the famous Mars Rover exploration robot.
  • OpenCV is a library used in computer vision applications and image processing while OpenAL is a cross-platform library for working with multichannel audio data.
  • Its capabilities included the ability to take screenshots of the desktop in BMP format and send them to the C&C server every 60 minutes, logging keystrokes and uploading the data to the C&C server every 10 seconds, and scanning for Office files and uploading them to the C&C server every 60 minutes.
  • Additionally, there was also a backdoor component that allowed attackers to send commands from the C&C server and tell Rover to take screenshots or start recording video (via webcam) and audio (via microphone) whenever the attacker wanted to.
  • “Though ‘Rover’ is an unsophisticated malware lacking modern malware features, it seems to be successful in bypassing traditional security systems and fulfilling the objectives of the threat actor behind the campaign in exfiltrating information from the targeted victim,” Palo Alto researchers explain.
  • Rover is largely undetected by today’s antivirus engines, and despite not coming with that many features, it is successful at keeping a low profile, exactly what cyber-espionage groups need from their malware to begin with.
  • New Malware ‘Rover’ Targets Indian Ambassador to Afghanistan – Palo Alto Networks Blog

Microsoft brings post-breach detection features to Windows

  • Microsoft announced its new post-breach enterprise security service called Windows Defender Advanced Threat Protection, which will respond to these advanced attacks on companies’ networks.
  • The company found that it currently takes an enterprise more than 200 days to detect a security breach, and 80 days to contain it. When there is such a breach, the attackers can steal company data, find private information, and damage the brand and customer trust in the company.
  • For example, a social engineering attack might encourage a victim to run a program that was attached to an e-mail or execute a suspicious-looking PowerShell command. The Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) software that’s typically used in such attacks may scan ports, connect to network shares to look for data to steal, or connect to remote systems to seek new instructions and exfiltrate data. Windows Defender Advanced Threat Protection can monitor this behavior and see how it deviates from normal, expected system behavior. The baseline is the aggregate behavior collected anonymously from more than 1 billion Windows systems. If systems on your network start doing something that the “average Windows machine” doesn’t, WDATP will alert you.
  • The whole thing is cloud-based with no need for any on-premises server. A client on each endpoint is needed, which would presumably be an extended version of the Windows Defender client.
  • Windows Defender Advanced Threat Protection is under development, though it is currently available to some early-adopter customers.
  • This service will help enterprises to detect, investigate and respond to advanced attacks on their networks.
  • Microsoft said that it is building on the existing security defenses Windows 10 offers today, and the new service will provide a post-breach layer of protection to the Windows 10 security stack.
  • With the client technology built into Windows 10 along with the cloud service, it will help detect threats that have made it past other defenses, provide enterprises with information to investigate the breach across endpoints, and offer response recommendations.
  • To avoid Windows 7 becoming “the new Windows XP,” the company is being rather more aggressive in applying pressure on users to upgrade to Windows 10 sooner rather than later.
  • WDATP is going to be part of that same push to Windows 10, and it won’t be available for older operating systems.
  • Windows Defender Advanced Threat Protection uses cloud power to figure out you’ve been pwned | Ars Technica

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Round Up:

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]]> Spicy Foods & Mars | SciByte 74 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/28701/spicy-foods-mars-scibyte-74/ Tue, 11 Dec 2012 21:43:52 +0000 https://original.jupiterbroadcasting.net/?p=28701 We take a look at why some people may like spicy foods, cracker sized satellites, spacecraft updates, and take a peek back into history.

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We take a look at why some people may like spicy foods, cracker sized satellites, spacecraft updates, Curiosity news, and as always take a peek back into history and up in the sky this week.

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Show Notes:

The Right Personality for Spicy Foods?

  • The low down
  • The science of spicy food liking and intake shows there’s more to it than just increased tolerance with repeated exposure
  • Personality, researchers say, is also a factor in whether a person enjoys spicy meals and how often he or she eats them
  • Desensitization to capsaicin, the plant chemical that gives peppers their burn, is well documented, there’s also evidence that the effect is surprisingly small
  • Researchers have also previously linked chili liking to thrill seeking, specifically an affinity for amusement park rides and gambling
  • Significance
  • Investigators found a relationship between chili liking and sensation seeking when using a more formal measure of personality called Zuckerman’s Sensation Seeking Scale
  • In both cases, however, the associations were fairly weak, and neither study looked at intake – how often a person eats spicy foods, versus how much a person likes spice.
  • A new study used an updated measure of sensation seeking that avoided gender- and age-biased questions
  • Ninety-seven male and female participants ranging in age from 18 to 45 filled out a food-liking questionnaire and rated the intensity of sensations after sampling six stimuli, including capsaicin mixed in water
  • Sensation seeking emerged as a much stronger predictor of spicy food liking than in the previous studies it also predicted how often a person ate chili-laden meals
  • Personality traits, however, were not associated with high liking of non-spicy foods, which reduced the possibility that thrill seekers are just crazy about food in general
  • Of Note
  • The study group may not have been large enough to show a desensitizing effect as there is a lack of evidence for desensitization in the study boosts the argument for personality as an important factor
  • For instance frequent chili eaters didn’t feel the burn from the capsaicin sample any less than people who ate peppers less often
  • A combination of factors likely influences who goes for the mild wings on Super Bowl Sunday and who reaches for hot
  • Childhood exposure and learning all play a critical role in liking for spicy foods also individuals who acquired an entirely [new] set of food preferences as adults once they moved away from home as may have been a disconnect between reported frequency of intake and actual dose
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Love Of Spicy Food Is Built Into Your Personality | Popular Science

— NEWS BYTE —

Public Funded KickSat

  • The low down
  • KickSat is set to launch more than 200 of these tiny satellites, nicknamed “sprites,” into low-Earth orbit
  • KickSat will hitch a ride in September 2013 (subject to change) from Cape Canaveral on CRS–3, the third SpaceX Falcon 9 flight destined for the International Space Station
  • The roughly 250 sprites will be sent into space the NASA’s Educational Launch of Nanosatellites (ELaNA) program, will provides a free launch (normally $300,000) for university space research
  • Significance
  • The team raised nearly $75,000 as more than 300 people sponsored a sprite that will transmit an identifying signal, such as the initials of the donor
  • One person, who donated $10,000, Manchester added, will get to “push the big red button” on the day of the launch.
  • Of Note
  • The “Sprites” are the size of a cracker but are outfitted with solar cells, a radio transceiver and a microcontroller
  • A large part of the project is helping people track their own satellites with a simple software radio interface
  • From a research standpoint, the plan is to interested in the dynamics and behavior of the satellites, and plans to test how to track their positions and determine their orbits
  • It’ll look like hundreds of postage stamps fluttering toward Earth-each an independent satellite transmitting a signal unique to the person who helped send it to space
  • Multimedia
  • YouTube KickSat | KickSatInSpace
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • KickSat website
  • Kicksat: Crowd-funded, DIY spacecraft to float into low-Earth orbit | phys.org

— TWO-BYTE NEWS —

Smoking and Bone Density

  • The low down
  • Yet another reason not to smoke, especially as a teenager
  • Note that these tests were specifically aimed at women because there is a much higher incidence rate, but similar results might be a near direct correlation to men
  • Osteoporosis is a loss of bone density that predisposes people to fractures and leaves many elderly people – particularly women – hunched over
  • Significance
  • The teen years are crucial to developing a strong, dense skeleton, it is this age group is when you should gain about 50 percent of your bone accrual
  • A study recruited 262 healthy girls ages 11 to 17. The girls answered confidential questions about their nutritional habits and lifestyles and returned for three yearly visits to undergo bone density tests
  • Girls who reported smoking regularly showed nearly flat rates of bone density growth in the lower vertebrae and a decline in bone density at the hips
  • Nonsmokers showed normal, steadily rising bone density in both regions
  • By the time they reached age 19, daily smokers in the study had fallen a full year behind nonsmokers in bone mineral accrual
  • Of Note
  • The effects of smoking tend to be cumulative as the results also seem to concur with studies done in adults
  • It is estimated that smoking increases the risk of a vertebral fracture by 13 percent and hip fracture by 31 percent in women
  • It is still unclear, however exactly how smoking contributes to the reduced bone mineralization
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Smoking hurts teen girls’ bones | ScienceNews.org

Snapshot Serengeti

  • The low down
  • Researchers at the University of Minnesota have been trying to count and locate the animals of the Serengeti, and began placing automatic cameras across the park a couple of years ago.
  • They now have more than 200 cameras around the region – all triggered by motion – capturing animals day and night.
  • They have amassed millions of images so far, and more come in all the time. So they’ve team up with us here at the Zooniverse!
  • They need the help of online volunteers to spot and classify animals in these snapshot of life in Serengeti National Park. Doing this will provide the data needed to track and study these animals, whilst giving everyone the chance to see them in the wild.
  • Snapshot Serengeti

– SPACECRAFT UPDATE –

Opportunity and the Search for a Habitable Environment

  • The low down
  • Opportunity rover is currently studying clay deposits on the rim of the Red Planet’s Endeavour Crater
  • The clays imply that the area was exposed to relatively neutral water long ago, as opposed to harshly acidic or basic
  • This clearly show that the chemistry that would’ve been suitable for life at the Opportunity site
  • Significance
  • The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft spotted them from orbit, leading the rover team to point the golf-cart-size robot toward its current location, which is known as Matijevic Hill.
  • From orbit, scientists saw the unambiguous infrared spectral signature of clays along the rim of Endeavour Crater
  • At this point Opportunity has already circumnavigated Matijevic Hill and is likely stay at Matijevic Hill for a while, trying to understand how the clays were laid down billions of years ago
  • Of Note
  • While Opportunity is still going strong, it has some age-related issues, such as an arthritic arm, but the rover remains in good health
  • Part of the continuing work will involve investigating mysterious tiny spherules Opportunity has discovered embedded in the clay matrix
  • Scientist initially thought the BB-size gray spheres were similar to the iron-rich “blueberries;” however, initial analyses has shown that that’s not the case, leading the team to dub them “newberries.”
  • Currently the team isn’t sure exactly what the newberries are, or how they formed
  • Social Media
  • Spirit and Oppy @MarsRovers
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • NASA Opportunity Rover Does Walkabout of Crater Rim | NASA
  • Mars Rover Opportunity Exploring Possibly Habitable Ancient Environment | Space.com

GRAIL’s Lunar Gravitational Map

The Future Mars Rover?

  • The low down
  • NASA has announced plans to launch another mega-rover to the red planet in 2020 that will be modeled after Curiosity
  • To keep costs down, engineers will borrow Curiosity’s blueprints, recycle spare parts where possible and use proven technology including the novel landing gear
  • Significance
  • This announcement comes as NASA reboots its Mars exploration program during tough fiscal times
  • Many other details still need to be worked out, including where the rover will land and the types of tools it will carry to the surface
  • The science goals of the possible rover remains fuzzy, it will probably kick start a campaign to return Martian soil and rocks to Earth
  • A team of experts will debate whether the new rover should have the ability to drill into rocks and store pieces for a future pick up
  • Of Note
  • Curiosity ran over schedule and over budget, but with the engineering hurdles fixed the new rover is expected to cost less than Curiosity
  • One independent estimate put the mission at $1.5 billion, though NASA is working on its own figure
  • The Future
  • Next year, NASA plans to launch an orbiter to study the atmosphere
  • After NASA pulled out of a partnership with the Europeans in 2016 and 2018, it announced plans to fly a relatively low-cost robotic lander in 2016 to probe the interior but that it will contribute to the European missions, but in a minor role
  • Multimedia
  • New Rover to Mars on This Week @NASA | NASATelevision
  • NASA ANNOUNCES ROBUST MULTI-YEAR MARS PROGRAM; NEW ROVER TO COME | NASATelevsion
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • NASA Announces Robust Multi-Year Mars Program; New Rover To Close Out Decade Of New Missions | mars.jpl.nasa.gov
  • NASA aims to send another rover to Mars in 2020 | phys.org

Martian Mission Extensions

  • NASA plans to keep its Mars assets going as long as possible, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), the Opportunity rover and the Mars Odyssey orbiter
  • The Mars Odyssey orbiter is not expected to still be viable in 2021, launched in 2001 the orbiter has been showing some signs of age
  • Of particularly important for the 2020 rover mission will be functioning orbiters at Mars to help relay communications back and forth to Earth
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Mars Rover Curiosity Gets Mission Extension | Space.com

– CURIOSITY UPDATE –

  • Mission Extension
  • Curiosity’s mission was originally planned to last two years. It has now been extended indefinitely.
  • The radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG), should be able to continue converting the heat of plutonium–238’s radioactive decay into electricity for an estimated 55 years of positive power margin
  • First Round of Tests Complete
  • Curiosity has wrapped up scientific study of Rocknest, which also means the team has completed the checkout and first scientific use of all the instruments on the rover
  • The ChemCam laser and APXS chemical sensor were used to do initial technical analysis of the soil
  • MAHLI, a hand lens imager is used to take close up views of the soil to look at different particle sizes, shapes and colors and how they change with depth
  • The team analyzed the X-ray diffraction instrument data to see they can identify minerals in the soil based on their unique crystal structure
  • A good amount of the material in the soil was not crystalline but that’s not a problem for the other laboratory, SAM.
  • First Round of Tests Complete
  • Curiosity has also found that the Martian surface is five times richer than Earth’s in deuterium, a heavy version of hydrogen that contains an extra neutron
  • Radiation probably blasted water containing the lighter version of hydrogen into space early in the planet’s history
  • The discovery will help scientists better understand Mars’ early atmosphere and climate.
  • Of Note
  • The overall results show a composition that is typical of Mars soils studied at other sites with perhaps some very simple carbon containing molecules and perchlorate salts.
  • Curiosity has not yet seen any complex organic molecules but sand isn’t the best place to look and there won’t be any single image or measurement that’ll answer everything.
  • Multimedia
  • YouTube Curiosity Rover Report (Dec. 7, 2012): Rover Results at Rocknest | JPLNews
  • Image Galleries at JPL and Curiosity Mulimedia
  • Social Media
  • Curiosity Rover @MarsCuriosity
  • Further Reading / In the News
  • Mars Rover Curiosity Gets Mission Extension | Space.com
  • Transcript | Curiosity Rover Report (Dec. 7, 2012): Rover Results at Rocknest | JPLNews
  • Mars rover deploys final instrument | sciencenews.com
  • Orbiter Spies Where Rover’s Cruise Stage Hit Mars | mars.jpl.nasa.gov

SCIENCE CALENDAR

Sir Patrick Moore

Looking back

  • Sir Patrick Moore (4 March 1923 – 9 December 2012)
  • An English amateur astronomer who attained prominent status in that field as a writer, researcher, radio commentator and television presenter
  • He presented the BBC programme The Sky At Night for more than 50 years, making him the longest-running host of the same television show
  • The author of more than 60 books on astronomy geared toward the general public
  • His research was used by the US and the Russians in their space programmes.
  • Was a former president of the British Astronomical Association, co-founder and former president of the Society for Popular Astronomy (SPA)
  • In 1959, the Russians used his charts to correlate the first Lunik 3 pictures of the far side of the Moon and he was involved in the lunar mapping before the NASA Apollo missions.
  • Moore intended to be the first person ever to show a live broadcast of a direct telescopic view of a planet; the result was another unintended ‘comedy episode’, as cloud obscured all view of the heavens
  • He participated or presented for Apollo 8–17
  • Elected a member of the International Astronomical Union in 1966 and remains the only amateur astronomer to be a member of the IAU
  • Further Reading
  • BIOGRAPHY OF SIR PATRICK MOORE | bbc.co.uk

Looking up this week

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